Differential effects of bivalves on sediment nitrogen cycling in a shallow Coastal Bay muscle relaxant erowid buy 500 mg mefenamic amex. The impact of organic biofertilizer application in dairy cattle manure on the chemical properties of the soil and the growth and nutritional status of Urochroa grass muscle relaxant wiki discount mefenamic 250mg with amex. The hidden cost of sexually selected traits: the metabolic expense of maintaining a sexually selected weapon spasms hands fingers cheap mefenamic 500mg amex. Consumer demand for urban forest ecosystem services and disservices: Examining trade-offs using choice experiments and best-worst scaling spasms icd-9 buy mefenamic 500 mg on-line. The importance of grass cover for mammalian diversity and habitat associations in a bush encroached savanna spasms coronary artery buy mefenamic 500mg line. The peroxidative cleavage of kaempferol contributes to the biosynthesis of the benzenoid moiety of ubiquinone in plants back spasms 22 weeks pregnant discount mefenamic 250 mg with amex. The maize W22 genome provides a foundation for functional genomics and transposon biology muscle relaxant mechanism discount mefenamic 500mg overnight delivery. The Indian Star tortoise spasms neck mefenamic 500 mg amex, Geochelone elegans (Schoepff 1795) (Testudinidae), a new introduced species in Florida. Efficacy of dimethyl disulfide and metam sodium combinations for the control of nutsedge species. Plant metabolic engineering in the synthetic biology era: Plant chassis selection. Investigating exemplary public engagement with science: Case study of extension faculty reveals preliminary professional development recommendations. International Journal of Science Education Part B-Communication and Public Engagement, 8(2), 150-163. Initial sterilization of soil affected interactions of Cerium oxide nanoparticles and soybean seedlings (Glycine max (L. Strategic approaches to restoring ecosystems can triple conservation gains and halve costs. Advanced copper composites against coppertolerant Xanthomonas perforans and tomato bacterial spot. Reflecting on a multidisciplinary collaboration to design a general education climate change course. Field evaluations of fluid baits against colonies of the Formosan subterranean Termite (Blattodea:Rhinotermitidae). Examining crop price effects on production decision and resource allocation: An ex-ante approach. Development of an improved sample preparation platform for acidic endogenous hormones in plant tissues using electromembrane extraction. Metabolic analysis reveals altered long-chain fatty acid metabolism in the host by Huanglongbing disease. Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for species-specific detection of tomato chlorotic spot orthotospovirus. Isolation and functional characterization of CsLsi2, a cucumber silicon efflux transporter gene. Graphene oxide-facilitated transport of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in saturated and unsaturated porous media. Solvent-free synthesis of N/S-Codoped hierarchically porous carbon materials from protic ionic liquids for temperature-resistant, flexible supercapacitors. Preventive mechanism of bioactive dietary foods on obesityrelated inflammation and diseases. Effects of capsicoside G isolated from pepper seeds on lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation-related gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Impacts of climate change and bioenergy markets on the profitability of slash pine pulpwood production in the Southeastern United States. Bamboo biochar pyrolyzed at low temperature improves tomato plant growth and fruit quality. Comparative oviposition site selection in containers by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Florida. Recognising blueberry fruit of different maturity using histogram oriented gradients and colour features in outdoor scenes. Variations in cadmium and nitrate co-accumulation among water spinach genotypes and implications for screening safe genotypes for human consumption. Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B Biomedicine & Biotechnology, 19(2), 147-158. Phytochemical profiles, and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of greater galangal [Alpinia galanga (Linn. Partitioning assimilatory nitrogen uptake in streams: An analysis of stable isotope tracer additions across continents. Oviposition preference of rugose spiraling whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on five host plant species. Foraging ecology and flocking behavior of insectivorous forest birds inform management of Andean silvopastures for conservation. The impact of climate warming and crop management on phenology of sunflower-based cropping systems in Punjab, Pakistan. Methane efflux measured by eddy covariance in Alaskan upland tundra undergoing permafrost degradation. Genetic variation in the shape of cold-survival curves in a single fly population suggests potential for selection from climate variability. Student-generated preexam questions is an effective tool for participatory learning: A case study from ecology of waterborne pathogens course. Comparative physiological and metabolomics analysis of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. Treatment of sulfur and nitrogen by microoxygenated microbial sludge: Stoichiometry and model. Solute evidence for hydrological connectivity of geographically isolated wetlands. Climatic influences on demography of the California mouse (Peromyscus californicus) in semiarid oak woodland. Relationships among symptoms of spotted wilt disease of peanut and their potential impact on crop productivity and resistance breeding. Assessing the risk of Eccritotarsus eichhorniae to pickerelweed, Pontederia cordata in North America. Suboptimal vitamin B intakes of Zambian preschool children: Evaluation of 24-Hour dietary recalls. Germination and predation of Quercus geminata and Quercus myrtifolia acorns on Santa Rosa Island, Florida. Fiber composition of a diversity panel of the world collection of sugarcane (Saccharum spp. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of carbohydrazides and 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives bearing an imidazolidine moiety against the yellow fever and dengue vector, Aedes aegypti. Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella on bruised and unbruised tomatoes from three ripeness stages at two temperatures. Reducing drainage water phosphorus concentration with rice cultivation under different water management regimes. Planting dates and transplant establishment methods on early-yield strawberry in westcentral Florida. Evolutionary insights into Trm112methyltransferase holoenzymes involved in translation between archaea and eukaryotes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 373(1741), 20160445. Microbial quality of agricultural water used in produce preharvest production on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. Residual herbicide effect on interseeded annual clover in southern forage systems. Evaluation of a pushpull system for the management of Frankliniella species (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in tomato. Response of Diodia virginiana (Rubiaceace) applied to dam reservoir slopes as a cover plant, Japan. Survival of Salmonella and Escherichia coli in two different soil types at various moisture levels and temperatures. Draft genome sequences of two Fusarium oxysporum isolates cultured from infected Zinnia hybrida plants grown on the international space station. Simulated viral infection in early-life alters brain morphology, activity and behavior in zebra finches (Taeniopygia Guttata). Mathematical modeling of the adsorption/desorption characteristics of anthocyanins from muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia cv. Protonpumping rhodopsins are abundantly expressed by microbial eukaryotes in a high-Arctic fjord. Extending the latent dirichlet allocation model to presence/absence data: A case study on North American breeding birds and biogeographical shifts expected from climate change. Laser scribed graphene biosensor for detection of biogenic amines in food samples using locally sourced materials. Forage management and concentrate supplementation effects on performance of beef calves. Effects of monensin inclusion into increasing amount of concentrate on growth and physiological parameters of early-weaned beef calves consuming warm-season grasses. Morphological characteristics and proportion of leaf blade tissues of elephant grass clones under sheep grazing. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira (Brazilian Agricultural Research), 53(11), 1268-1275. Vocal variation in Chiroxiphia boliviana (Aves; Pipridae) along an Andean elevational gradient. Water-deficit priming of papaya reduces high-light stress through oxidation avoidance rather than anti-oxidant activity. Hormetic benefits of prior anoxia exposure in buffering anoxia stress in a soil-pupating insect. Joint production, land allocation, and the effects of the production flexibility program. Effects of soil-applied fungicides on sugarcane root and shoot growth, rhizosphere microbial communities, and nutrient uptake. The combined effects of supplementing monensin and 3-nitrooxypropanol on methane emissions, growth rate, and feed conversion efficiency in beef cattle fed high-forage and highgrain diets. Primary and secondary dispersal of Bertholletia excelsa: Implications for sustainable harvests. Multimodel ensembles improve predictions of crop-environment-management interactions. Toxicity of different insecticides against two thrips pests of concern in Central America. Impregnation of multiwall carbon nanotubes in alginate beads dramatically enhances their adsorptive ability to aqueous methylene blue. Novel biocharimpregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. Engineered biochar derived from eggshell-treated biomass for removal of aqueous lead. Fermentation of dihydroxyacetone by engineered Escherichia coli and Klebsiella variicola to products. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115(17), 4381-4386. Mild water deficit in the field down regulated drought responsive genes in peanut leaf tissues. Effects of temperature on aggregation kinetics of graphene oxide in aqueous solutions. Concurrent aggregation and transport of graphene oxide in saturated porous media: Roles of temperature, cation type, and electrolyte concentration. Different nitrate and ammonium ratios affect growth and physiological characteristics of Camellia oleifera Abel. Carboxymethyl cellulose stabilized ZnO/biochar nanocomposites: Enhanced adsorption and inhibited photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. Copper supplementation reverses dietary iron overload-induced pathologies in mice. Mapping foliar functional traits and their uncertainties across three years in a grassland experiment. Metal contamination in a riparian wetland: Distribution, fractionation and plant uptake. Capturing outcomes often overlooked: A pilot evaluation of Florida individual contact teaching. Informing urban landscape water conservation extension programs using behavioral research. Identifying opportunities to promote water conservation practices among nursery and greenhouse growers. Mineral retention of growing and finishing beef cattle across different production systems. Physical robustness of canopy temperature models for crop heat stress simulation across environments and production conditions. Safety of methionine, a novel biopesticide, to adult and larval honey bees (Apis mellifera L. Juice volatile composition differences between Valencia orange and its mutant Rohde Red Valencia are associated with carotenoid profile differences. In vitro shoot culture of Rhododendron fortunei: An important plant for bioactive phytochemicals. Genetic mapping of a major gene in triticale conferring resistance to bacterial leaf streak. Phenotypical responses of cotton and relation to lint yield under deficit irrigation schemes in semi-arid environments. Estimating lost recreational use values of visitors to Northwest Florida due to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill using cancelled trip data. Transmission potential of Mayaro virus in Florida Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Marine macrophyte detritus and degradation: the role of intraspecific genetic variation. Grazing enhances belowground carbon allocation, microbial biomass, and soil carbon in a subtropical grassland. River network saturation concept: 98 Factors influencing the balance of biogeochemical supply and demand of river networks. Brahman genetics influence muscle fiber properties, protein degradation, and tenderness in an Angus-Brahman multibreed herd. The effects of tomato suspension agreements on market price dynamics and farm revenue. The saprophytic fungus Fusarium solani increases the insecticidal efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema diaprepesi. Phosphoric acid based pretreatment of switchgrass and fermentation of entire slurry to ethanol using a simplified process. Water extract of indoor dust induces tight junction disruption in normal human corneal epithelial cells. Improving predictability of multisensor data with nonlinear statistical methodologies. Aged garlic extract supplementation modifies inflammation and immunity of adults with obesity: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Conversion of native rangelands into cultivated pasturelands in subtropical ecosystems: Impacts on aggregate-associated carbon and nitrogen. Effects of image pansharpening on soil total nitrogen prediction models in South India. Estimating soil total nitrogen in smallholder farm settings using remote sensing spectral indices and regression kriging. Using Bacteroidales genetic markers to assess fecal pollution sources in coastal waters. Nitrogen loading affects microbes, nitrifiers and denitrifiers attached to submerged macrophyte in constructed wetlands. Antimicrobial compounds effective against Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus discovered via graft-based assay in citrus. Kaolinite enhances the stability of the dissolvable and undissolvable fractions of biochar via different mechanisms. A strategy for sperm cryopreservation of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, for remote commercial-scale high-throughput processing. Nutrients in urban stormwater runoff: Current state of the science and potential mitigation options. Porous nano-cerium oxide wood chip biochar composites for aqueous levofloxacin removal and sorption mechanism insights. Multimodal generally recognized as safe ZnO/nanocopper composite: A novel antimicrobial material for the management of citrus phytopathogens. Fixed-quat: An attractive nonmetal alternative to copper biocides against plant pathogens. Phytotoxicity of ionic liquids with different structures on wheat seedlings and evaluation of their toxicity attenuation at the presence of modified biochar by adsorption effect. Tolerance of caladium cultivars Florida Cardinal and Florida Fantasy to sulfonylurea herbicides. Relay-cropping and fallow programs for strawberrybased production system: Effects on crop productivity and weed control.
Androgens are known to increase expression of angiotensinogen spasms pregnant belly cheap 250mg mefenamic with visa, but the effect of androgens on proximal tubule transport is unknown spasms after hysterectomy generic mefenamic 250mg without prescription. Testosterone supplementation with Silastic pellets led to approximately 2-fold increase of plasma testosterone concentration spasms coughing trusted mefenamic 500mg. On the other hand spasms perineum best 500 mg mefenamic, removal of endogenous androgens later in life (8 months) prevents the development of hypertensive renal injury without altering established hypertension spasms crossword clue buy mefenamic 500 mg lowest price. Baojian Xue1 spasms diaphragm hiccups buy cheap mefenamic 250 mg online, Alan Kim Johnson2 muscle relaxant 114 generic 250 mg mefenamic otc, Meredith Hay3 1 Psychology spasms near anus mefenamic 250 mg cheap, University of Iowa, 11 Seashore Hall E, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, 2Psychology and Cardiovascular Center, University of Iowa, 11 Seashore Hall E, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, 3 Psychology and Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, University of Iowa, 11 Seashore Hall E, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242. Elevated aldosterone (Aldo) contributes to hypertension and vascular and renal injury. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that male and female Sprague-Dawley rats respond differently to subcutaneous infusion of Aldo (0. Systemic infusion of 17-estradiol (250 g/day) totally blocked Aldo+1% NaCl-induced hypertension in intact males (-1. In males, central, but not peripheral infusions of tempol (200 nm/kg/min), prevented the development of hypertension (6. Female control rats, as compared to male control rats, exhibit increased renal abundances of aldosterone-sensitive electrolyte transporters, suggesting that constitutive mineralocorticoid activity is increased in female as compared to male rats. Vehicle or aldosterone (200 g/day) was infused in male and female rats fed a 1% NaCl diet for 4 weeks. Four groups were studied: male control rats (n=5), male rats infused with aldosterone (n=6), female control rats (n=6), and female rats infused with aldosterone (n=6). Lewis (mRen) strain exhibits a gender difference in blood pressure and tissue injury. At 14 weeks of age, males exhibit higher blood pressure to that of the females [200 ± 4 vs. The aim of the present study evaluated the enzymatic pathways in cardiac and renal tissue that contribute to the gender differences in organ damage. In contrast, neprilysin activity in the renal cortex was 3 fold higher in the female mRen [919 ± 73 vs. However, a cause-effect relationship between the two parameters has not been conclusively established. Testosterone supplements are commonly prescribed to aging men, who are frequently hypertensive and have increased risk of developing hypertensive renal injury. Recent studies indicate that gender impacts genetic expression of complex traits & diseases. Moreover, the findings imply that gender should be taken into account in the development of genotypebased diagnostic and therapeutic treatment for hypertension. Diabetes is associated with development of vascular disease, and we hypothesize that there are early changes in vascular reactivity in the diabetic animal that are sex-related. Together, these findings support the hypothesis of early vascular changes in diabetes, which may include a loss of endothelial function in female vasculature before major changes are observed in the male, suggesting females may be more susceptible to early vascular disease development. Proteinuria was assessed prior to administration of the drug and at the end of the experimental protocol. Perimenopause, the 5-10 years preceding menopause in women, is increasingly recognized as a critical period in the development and treatment of many diseases. The extent to which ovarian hormones impact the development of diabetic nephropathy is not well studied. We hypothesized that changes in ovarian hormones across the menopausal transition promote the development of diabetic kidney damage. Using microarray, we identified 66 genes that are differentially expressed in diabetic kidneys dependant on hormonal status. Mdk is regulated by estrogen, and Mdk knockout mice develop less severe diabetic nephropathy. These data suggest changes in ovarian hormone production across the menopausal transition promote the development of diabetic kidney disease. Protection against cardiovascular and renal disease in women is lost when they reach menopause. We hypothesize that estrogen deficiency after menopause leads to obesity related metabolic changes that may activate vasopressor systems, contributing to obesity induced postmenopausal hypertension and renal disease. We used 8 month old intact female and ovariectomized (ovx) rats, with or without estrogen replacement. All these hormonal and metabolic changes were reverted by estrogen administration. These results suggest that estrogen deficiency in aged female rats may trigger the development of obesity and postmenopausal hypertension in the absence of renal disease. Renal vasculopathy and interstitial fibrosis are more prevalent in men, while premenopausal women seem protected. We hypothesized that female sex (either from gender-specific or estrogen-specific effects) protects kidneys of rats with the metabolic syndrome. We conclude that: Female gender offers protection from renal injury and fibrosis in obese rats on high protein diets. The diet composition was a critical determinant for this type of nephropathy, while hyperglycemia by itself was less significant. Compelling evidence exists concerning gender differences across the spectrum of cardiovascular function even extending to the vasoprotective effects of hormone replacement therapy. Our lab has recently established analytical and chemical methods for reliable classification of isolated visceral neurons as either one of two functionally distinct classes of myelinated (A-type and Ah-type) or as unmyelinated (C-type) afferents (Li & Schild, 2007). Here we present data from six separate patch recording sessions using enzymatically dispersed nodose neurons from six day old gender identified neonatal rat pups. The female group (4 pups) and the male group (2 pups) yielded current clamped action potential recordings from 54 and 27 randomly selected cells, respectively. Classification methods revealed the following distributions for female pups: A = 10 (19%); Ah = 11 (20%); C = 33 (61%) and for male pups: A = 8 (30%); Ah = 2 (7%); C = 17 (63 %). These data demonstrate a greater prevalence for Ah-type myelinated afferents in female as compared with age-matched male rat pups. However, these effects were associated with significantly reduced food consumption. Ovariectomy did not affect glucose homeostasis and, in the face of increased food consumption and body weight, decreased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides levels, proteinuria and renal injury. This study suggests limited value of estradiol metabolites with estrogenic activity in metabolic syndrome associated renal disease. Moreover, the present data suggest altered E2 metabolism and E2 metabolite disposition in preeclampsia. The vagina was harvested from sham operated (S), 3-week ovariectomized (O) and 1-week estrogen-replaced (E) Sprague-Dawley rats. There was a decreased vmax and increased muscle stress of vaginal strips from O rats compared to S rats. Further studies are required to determine whether these changes in smooth muscle contribute to vaginal dysfunction experienced by post-menopausal women. Aim: To investigate the impact of sleep on the nocturnal urine production, salt and water regulating hormones and hemodynamics. Material: 20 healthy volunteers (10 males), underwent two 24-hour circadian in-patient studies under standardized conditions regarding diet and fluid intake. Blood samples were drawn every three hours and urine was collected in 3-hour intervals. The participants were randomized to sleep deprivation during one of the two studies. Results: During sleep deprivation both genders produced markedly larger amounts of urine, an effect that was more pronounced for males (males 1. The night-time dip in blood pressure was less evident during sleep deprivation (baseline: 76. The compromised fall in mean arterial blood pressure correlated significantly to increase in night time urine volume. Conclusion: Sleep deprivation leads to natriuresis, kaliuresis and osmotic diuresis. Gender differences in programmed hypertension are well established in animal models and human epidemiological studies; however, the mechanism(s) involved in mediating sex differences are unclear. Therefore, these results suggest that sex hormones contribute to gender differences in programmed hypertension. The prenatal exposure of the ovine fetus to clinical doses of glucocorticoids during the time of peak nephrogenesis results in a marked reduction in nephron number in adulthood, as well as a sustained 10-15 mmHg increase in blood pressure. In the present study, we examined the gender difference in renal function to betamethasone at day 80 of gestation in 16 ewes and 15 rams at 1. An acute sodium load was administrated by a continuous infusion of hypertonic NaCl (0. In the male betamethasone sheep, inulin clearance significantly decreased (154 ± 18 ml/min) as compared with male controls (213 ± 18 ml/min, p<0. Consistent with this observation, marked sympathetic activation was also found in additional two healthy young women during the early stages (5 and 7 weeks) of their pregnancies (32 and 42 bursts/min). Further studies are needed to verify these findings and to identify vasodilator biomarker(s) associated with early pregnancy in healthy humans. Recent evidence suggests that placental hypoxia and possibly poor placental perfusion may initiate this imbalance of angiogenic factors. Immunoreactive placental sFlt-1, expressed as the ratio of sFlt-1:-actin, was increased 4 fold (1. The present findings support our hypothesis that decreased placental perfusion increases the expression of sFlt-1 and may alter the balance of angiogenic factors in the maternal circulation. Clinical studies in children have demonstrated that female sex is a risk factor for mortality following cardiac surgery. Sex differences in the development of lactic acidosis and the ability to buffer changes in pH may determine susceptibility to ischemic injury and affect post-ischemic ventricular function. The purpose of this study was to investigate sex differences in H+ accumulation during ischemia in the newborn heart, and to determine sex differences in the source and ability to buffer H+ (buffering capacity). Anaesthetized newborn (3-5 day old) female (n=13) and male (n=7) Yorkshire piglets were intubated, and mechanically ventilated to ensure normal blood gas and pH status. Compared to males however, newborn females accumulated a significant 13% more lactate (females: 221. These results suggest that the newborn female myocardium is at greater risk of ischemic injury and offers a potential explanation for worse outcome in female children after cardiac surgery. Women with preeclampsia, or hypertension with proteinuria during pregnancy, are at increased risk for ischemic stroke and the development of cerebral edema. The underlying mechanisms leading to this remain unclear; however, some evidence suggests that autoregulation of cerebral blood flow may be impaired. These data suggest that altered autoregulation may be a contributing mechanism to the cerebral vascular pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Introduction: Outcome following pediatric orthotopic liver transplantation has been reported to be worse in children receiving organs from female donors. Development of tissue lactate acidosis during prolonged periods of liver ischemia prior to transplantation may result in greater ischemic injury and impair graft and patient survival. The purpose of this study was thus to investigate whether sex differences in anaerobic end-product accumulation exist between newborn male and female livers during no-flow ischemia. Methods: 3 day male (n=4) and female (n=6) piglets were anesthetized, intubated and mechanically ventilated to maintain normal blood gas and pH status. All biopsies were analyzed for anaerobic end-products lactate (µmoles/g dry weight) and hydrogen ion (H+) (x 10-8 mol/L) content. At 15 minutes of ischemia, livers from newborn females accumulated a significant 15% higher lactate compared to those of males (23. A similar profile was noted with H+ accumulation, where at 15 minutes of ischemia, livers from newborn females accumulated 30% more H+ compared to males (11. Conclusion: the larger and more rapid development of tissue lactic acidosis in newborn female livers may result in greater metabolic damage during ischemia and offer a potential explanation for pediatric studies reporting worse outcome of recipients receiving livers from female donors. Pregnancy-induced hypertension and pre-eclampsia have been proposed to be associated with a hyperadrenergic state. However, the state of sympathetic neural regulation of blood pressure in normal pregnancy, especially during early pregnancy, is unclear. We completed a pilot study in a young healthy Caucasian woman during the very early stage (between 45 weeks) and the late stage (~35 weeks) of her pregnancy, and 7 weeks after delivery. We have already investigated the role of sex hormones in both sexes on the stress-induced responses (Dehghani, et al. Although we focused in the behavioral responses, in the present studies we monitored the heart rate as a cardiovascular index. The present studies aimed to investigate the effect of changes in the balance of the autonomic nervous system within the sexual process on the regulation of stress-induced cardiovascular responses in rat. Control groups in both sex were intact; and only used for monitoring of the heart rat in normal condition. With 6 hours interval, all experimental groups were subjected to 5 minutes tail pinch stress; and the changes in the heart rate were monitored as a stress response. The results show that regulation of the balance of parasympathetic and sympathetic systems within the sexual process reduce the activity of cardiovascular system by 27+/-4% (P<0. The present data suggest that sexual process reduce stress-induced cardiovascular as well as renal activity; and enhance the tolerance for tail pinch stress. Normal pregnancy entails generalized vasodilatation, increases in blood flow, and decreased responsiveness to vasoconstrictors. Patients with preeclampsia show reduced blood flow to kidneys, uterus and placenta, and increased vasoconstriction leading to maternal hypertension. Pregnant (8-day gestation) rats were rendered hypertensive with silver clips (slit opening = 0. On gestation days 16 and 17, urinary protein as well as arterial pressures and heart rates were measured. Mesenteric vascular beds were also perfused ex-vivo and constricted for acetylcholine-induced relaxation studies. The initiating event in preeclampsia has been postulated to be reduced uteroplacental perfusion as a result of abnormal cytotrophoblast invasion of spiral arterioles. Placental ischemia is thought to lead to widespread activation/dysfunction of the maternal vascular endothelium which, in turn, causes hypertension by impairing renal function and increasing total peripheral resistance. Collectively, these findings suggest that inflammatory cytokines play a role in causing hypertension in response to chronic reductions in uterine perfusion during pregnancy by activating multiple vasoactive pathways. For hypothesis (2), pups delivered spontaneously, litters culled to 6, and kidney harvested at d21 of postnatal life. Imbalance of angiogenic growth factors in the maternal circulation contributes to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Exogenous gene transfer of sFlt1 into pregnant rats using an adenoviral vector produced hypertension, proteinuria and glomerular endotheliosis, the classical pathological renal lesion of preeclampsia. Abnormalities in these circulating angiogenic proteins also antedate clinical symptoms by several weeks. Another potential soluble factor secreted by the placenta that appears to be elevated in women with preeclampsia is soluble endoglin (sEng). Endoglin (Eng) is an angiogenic receptor expressed mainly on the surface of endothelial cells, but also placental syncytiotrophoblasts. In addition, the extra-cellular region of endoglin is proteolytically cleaved and that sEng is released in excess quantities into the circulation of preeclamptic patients. What remains unknown is the etiology of the increased sFlt1 and sEng in preeclamptic patients and whether these markers can be used for the prediction and treatment of preeclampsia. Numerous epidemiological studies report an inverse relationship between birth weight and blood pressure suggesting that hypertension may be programmed by factors initiated in utero. Fetal programming occurs in response to an adverse fetal environment and results in permanent adaptive changes that alter organ growth, structure, and physiology leading to increased risk for development of adult cardiovascular disease. Testosterone contributes to marked elevations in mean arterial pressure in adult male intrauterine growth restricted offspring. The American Physiological Society Tel: 301-634-7171 Fax: 301-634-7264 E-mail: members@the-aps. Each of these deaths is a tragedy particularly because many of these deaths are preventable. This first edition of our national neonatal care clinical guidelines is an initiative that aims to ensure that all the neonates in the Kingdom of Eswatini are offered standard, best quality of care and the best possible start in life. The guidelines have been formulated from various global sources and tailored to the needs and health practises of the country. They are designed to serve as a guide to all healthcare providers in the country to provide standardized quality neonatal care. I would like to congratulate the team that worked with zeal and commitment to ensure that this initiative was a success. I hope that the guidelines will offer great learning and will be a useful resource to all healthcare workers caring for neonates. In 2016, neonatal deaths ranked 12th in the list of childhood mortality in Swaziland and ranked 6th of all causes of years of life lost in 2016. Preterm births composed about 1 out of 9 births and ranked 7th of all causes of death and disability combined in Eswatini. It is from this desire for better care for the babies of Eswatini that the first-ever Kingdom of Eswatini Neonatal Care Clinical Guidelines were developed. The guidelines are the collection of global best practices that are modified for the practical use by all healthcare workers and healthcare facilities in Eswatini. The guidelines also include a quick reference section for readily-available retrieval of important neonatal care instruction for healthcare workers in the field, in addition to guidance for a wide range of medical problems encountered by health professionals in the neonatal care facilities. The guidelines also assist in establishing criteria for admission, discharge, as well as referral and transport to higher, more intensive levels of care throughout the healthcare continuum in the country. Newly born babies who do not breathe spontaneously after thorough drying should be stimulated by rubbing the back 23 times before clamping the cord and initiating positive pressure ventilation. If the baby is having trouble breathing/ gasping/or not breathing: quickly clamp and cut the cord, leaving a stump at least 10 cm long, call for help and start resuscitation immediately. A blue colour of the tongue, lips and trunk is a sign of a lack of oxygen in the blood. A bluish colour of only the hands and feet may be present after birth and usually does not indicate a lack of oxygen.
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Thirteen Gnezdovo hoardings contain over 1400 Oriental silver coins (intact and fragmented spasms gallbladder safe mefenamic 500 mg, with punches and riveted eyelets) muscle relaxant gas buy generic mefenamic 500 mg on line, two Byzantine nomismae spasms in upper abdomen generic mefenamic 500 mg overnight delivery, weighing scales spasms movie 1983 generic 500 mg mefenamic free shipping, and plummets as well as various adornments muscle relaxant side effects buy cheap mefenamic 250 mg line. There are items of Slavic muscle relaxant drugs z purchase 500mg mefenamic with amex, Scandinavian muscle relaxant tl 177 cheap mefenamic 500 mg mastercard, and Oriental origin among these adornments muscle relaxant herbs order mefenamic 250 mg overnight delivery. If judged by concentration of Oriental silver, Gnezdovo is comparable with north European monuments such as Birka and Old Russian monuments such as Kiev, Rurikovo gorodishche (i. These findings are matched with data of burial rite analysis of which allows the conclusion that at least 25% of burials are Scandinavian. Data from sporo-pollen, carpological, and osteological analysis bear witness that cultivated plants and pastoral farming played an important role in the settlement economy and to some extent provided for vital requirements of the settlement inhabitants. The inconsiderable areas of arable land discovered in the western part of the Gnezdovo complex beneath mounds of the Dnieper group and the character of the landscape at that time speak of the inability of the early town population to provide themselves with agricultural produce and the need to obtain a considerable fraction such products from elsewhere. The youngest burials of the Gnezdovo necropolis are few and can be dated to the turn of the 10th and 11th centuries. Archaeological materials indicate that a rather active life continued in Gnezdovo in the early 11th century, but that Gnezdovo gradually lost its unique character of an urban center and became a feudal estate. The final stage connected with the town extinction and transfer of its functions to Smolensk, as described in chronicles. The fate of Gnezdovo is similar to that of certain other early town centers of northern Europe. Both burials were made under mounds in the same burial site; the distance between the mounds is ~150 m. The inhumation was in a cell, the position of the body, possibly, was sitting; the head was to the west. A set of costume jewelry, typical of a female Scandinavian, was found in the burial. The inhumation was in a pit, the body was on its back with the head was to the west. There were few jewels, one being a ring, which was a decoration of the temporal area of the head (typical for Slavic). They are far from Nabberцr in the central part of the island and in the context of large burial grounds (9094). Nabberцr is the only boat burial with uncremated remains and contains a large number of human remains of varied ages (minimum 811 individuals, see details below) as well as many animal remains and various artefacts. Nabberцr is unusual in the regional context of Vendel and Viking Age boat burials in the Baltic area (Sweden, Finland, Russia) and North Atlantic (Denmark, Norway, England, Scotland). The number of domestic animal companions (dogs, birds, sheep/goat, pig and horse) are usually one per species, although there are variations. Nabberцr is truly very different in these respects as it contains many animal individuals of all domestications as well as many humans. The number of human remains in one boat is rivalled only by the Salme (Saarema) site in Estonia where more than 30 adult individuals, the dead from a single battle event, were found in two boats (96). The investigation 1938-39: the central part of the Nabberцr burial was looted in an event preceding any documentation and records of the stone cairn. Here we argue that the looting took place in the early 1800s due to a coin dated to 1805 found in the excavations (95). In the early 1930s further destruction almost removed the cairn entirely as the stones were sourced for building materials. There are no records of any finds made at that point, however, the locals did bring the cairn to antiquarian attention in an inventory of ancient monuments some years later, in 1938. In the rescue excavation in September 1938, archaeologists documented the extent to which the site was manipulated by the looting. The looting was restricted to the center of the grave and to their surprise the material from the looting pit yielded several objects of great value, for example a decorated sword and shield with silver inlay on gold, as well as commingled human remains. They also fully excavated the undisturbed part of the burial, finding over 200 iron rivets from the hull, the remains of more humans and animals, and additional artefacts (95, 97). After the excavation the area was evened out and no traces of the cairn or burial remain today. The excavation is well documented for its time, with plans and photos as well as detailed observations. The finds were collected, including bones, and are curated in the national museum. The burial was processed by Anderbjцrk and presented in both an archive report (95) and a popular article (97). Both texts present the highly furnished boat burial with a few individuals and animal companions. Anderbjцrk (97) was hesitant to compare the burial with similar contemporary finds (for example Vendel and Birka, boat and chamber graves) and concluded that it was unusual and odd in its characteristics. However, there was no interest in further study of any aspect of the Nabberцr burial until 2011. Since 2016, the entire find is being analysed all skeletal remains (animal and human), artefacts as well as the documentation of the 1938 excavation by a team from Lund university (Helene Wilhelmson, Kristina Jennbert, Elisabeth Iregren, Stella Macheridis, and Fredrik Ekengren). Some of the results of this project are presented below for the first time, including the work of Wilhelmson on the human remains. Stable isotopes: Two humans and one dog have been analysed for 87Sr/86Sr, 18O, and 13C in enamel apatite (99). These results were interpreted as one of the individuals and the dog being clearly non-local, non-native, to Цland. The human and dog found together (in A4) did not originate from the same place as they had very different Sr values. They all had very similar isotope values, 13C and 15N in bone collagen, indicating a similar diet for the humans and the dog (98, 100) (Table S10). Demography: Among the dead in Nabberцr is a child aged 6 years, and at least two more children under the age of 15 years (cf Table S11), as well as juveniles/young adults and adults. The bones were too poorly preserved, or lacking suitable elements to yield an osteological sex estimation except for one individual (1150, A10), a possible male. The preservation was poor in the sense that primarily teeth, which are more resilient than bone in most environments, were available. In the undisturbed parts of the boat other skeletal elements were found making up one or more complete or fragmented individuals. Looting is no doubt responsible for the great loss of skeletal elements, as well as general preservation due to the later disturbance of the topmost cairn stones. A conservative approach is to consider the entire boat as one assemblage, not taking into account the observations of the spatial distribution noted by the excavators. However, for the most part, their assemblage definitions correspond to one more-orless complete individual (with the exception of A7 which is the looting pit). The true number of interred individuals could of course be higher due to the obvious considerable taphonomic loss of skeletal remains resulting from looting. One individual (an adult, 1150) was however most likely murdered, showing a perimortem sharp-force trauma to the skull. Above the Neolithic site, on the top of the ridge, a cemetery from the Viking Age was excavated (See. The grave was at first investigated to a depth of 80 cm without any finds, and was at that time considered to be empty. Sometime later, construction workers took a sample of the gravel from the bottom of the grave, and hit a layer of charcoal. The rest of the skeleton was found a little deeper, which suggests that the head of the deceased had been placed on a podium or a thick pillow. The deceased was placed with the head to the south-west, in contrast to all the other graves at the site, where the body was orientated with the head to the north. The very large grave and the unusual orientation of the body seems to indicate that the person in grave A was more important than a normal person. Besides a few iron nails and a small whetstone, which were found in the upper fill, the only grave goods from grave A were a small belt buckle and a belt bracket, both made of bronze. The finds from grave A, and a fibula found in another grave, are the only dateable items from the cemetery, and they date the graves to the 10th century. They included porosity in the palate and diffused areas of pitting on the ectocranial surface of the sphenoid bone. There was agenesis of the lower left second premolar and the second left deciduous molar retained in its position. The upper central incisors showed horizontal grooves on the labial side of the crown due to abrasion. Under the road, parts of a sledge and a wagon wheel, both made of wood were found (See. The individual was male, and was estimated to be aged between 16 and 25 years at the time of his death. Many of the injuries were inflicted from behind, and no defensive wounds were observed on the skeletons. The only other pathological alteration to his remains was active new bone formation on his left zygomatic bone (left cheek), although a differential diagnosis could not be suggested as the majority of his skeleton was not present for analysis. Carbon dating of our mass grave was problematic, due to the marine reservoir effect. The burial is a combination, or possibly a creolization, of burial rites and similar burials are found in Viking Age Цland (cf discussion in Wilhelmson 2017 (98)). Supine (on the back) burials of both orientations are found throughout the Viking Age on Цland and were probably practiced in parallel. Firstly, the pit with the body was covered by a stone paving (also oriented West-East) and a large circular cairn of stones (7 m diameter and 0. A comb was found by the left arm/chest, a knife on the sternum, and a strike-a-light on the neck. The creolization of burial rites is apparent as there are some highly local elements for Цland (the use of local limestone slabs for a stone paving as well as a cairn) and some possibly specifically Slavic and Christian features that are discussed below. Grшdbygеrd burial ground is interpreted as an early Christian Slavic cemetery (Naum 2008 and discussion in Price et. Another interesting similarity is the positioning of the hands over the pelvis. The skeletal remains in most burials were too poorly preserved to indicate anything about the hand positioning and how frequent it might be. The value is also similar to values found in individuals buried in the Salme Boat burials (96), suggested to have originated in the Uppsala/Mдlaren region from both Sr values and associated artefacts. Similar Sr values have also been reported as local bioavailable baselines in Finland (review in (108):31). Genetic heritage and place of residence in childhood (indicated by Sr) are two different things and cultural affiliation (as a Slav in this case) can be yet another. The skeleton was well preserved, and most bones were present except for some of the smallest. The age of death is estimated to 20-23 years old taking both pubic symphis (Suchey Brooks phase 2; 23. However, if the pubic symphysis is disregarded, the individual could be slightly younger, 1723 years old. The bones displayed extensive pathological bone remodelling, resulting from persisting disease. Overall, the changes can be interpreted as a case of pulmonary osteoarthropathy i. There was a small depression in the frontal bone on the left side, likely a healed trauma. The grave field was intensively used during the Iron Age and in one instance a single stone cist was reused adding more proper burials on at least three occasions (91, 111). Today it has been established with radiocarbon dating that these three individuals, found in the same cist, span almost 1000 years from the Pre Roman Iron Age to the Viking Age (conventional dates 2065±45 and 1175±50) (98). Both inhumations in various forms as well as cremations, all likely Iron Age, have been found in this grave field. Burial A136: the inhumation burial A136 is described as covered by a stone pavement relating to a later grave (A128) also including a cremation pit. The orientation of the burial is unusual for Early Iron Age Цland, it is West-East instead of North-South. The burial is described in Hagberg (1966) (111), BeskowSjцberg & Arnell (1987) (91) and in Wilhelmson (2017a) (98). Before going into detail the date 12 of the burial needs to be addressed as this is today considered to be erroneous in the earlier publications. A recent study surveyed all inhumation burials on Цland, with skeletal remains intact and available for analysis, using an interdisciplinary bioarchaeological approach (98). The results from the 14C dating showed that many assumptions regarding the dating by grave form (shape, structural elements etc. They also confirmed dates indicated by artefact typology (details in Wilhelmson 2017b (100)). The number of confirmed Viking Age graves in Цland increased greatly as a result of this study (98, 100). There are in total 14 inhumation burials oriented East-West (included in (98), see details in Table S14) available from Цland. There are more East-West burials on Цland that are not reported here, as these have not been possible to study in detail to perform, for example 14C dating, due to lack of bones. As mentioned above, the 14C dataset presented in this study (100) showed much greater complexity in burial chronology, grave field continuity and relative dating in Цland than previously assumed. We argue that all of the 14 cases of East-West burials (Table S14) should be dated to the Viking Age, with one possible exception. The exception is the burial of a partly burned articulated individual, dated to the Pre Roman period by 14C, id 1098. The pattern of burning suggests something very different from a proper cremation and the body was also articulated and, likely clothed. The date could nonetheless be correct and this anomaly in orientation may well be explained by the unusual circumstances of the death of this individual. Today, 12 burials with East-West orientation found on Цland are dated by specific typology and/or 14C (Table S14) to the Viking Age. In general for Цland, today, with all the new 14C dates (Table S14) in mind, a burial with East-West orientation should be assumed to most likely be from the Viking Age. The reason for the much earlier date of A136, id 1076, in the literature (91, 111) is the fibula found in the upper grave fill. This was suspected to be a fragment belonging to the needle 13 and spiral found further down in the grave and on the bones of id 1076. But, it is also possible that the fibula is redeposited material (from an earlier destroyed grave) as it is not directly related to the skeleton. Therefore we argue that the date based on artefacts is not conclusive and only indicates Iron Age in general. Locally, on the grave field Sцrby-Stцrlinge, there is a second East-West oriented burial (id 1058, A134) which was dated to the Iron Age/Early Iron Age from burial form. Therefore, id 1076 (A136), being the only other East-West burial in this specific grave field should also be considered most likely Viking Age. As for burials in North-South orientation in Sцrby-Stцrlinge, some of these have also been concluded to be Viking Age, based on 14C (Table S15). This demonstrates that the presence of Viking Age burials in the grave field is much more prominent than previously assumed. It may relate to a lack of 14C dates (not available at the time of excavation) and few clearly Viking Age artefacts found in the graves. The date of the knife, and the burial at large, is argued here to differ significantly from the previously published date of the burial. Therefore, the basis for a date of the knife needs to be elaborated in some detail. The current location of the actual knife, as well as many other iron artefacts (if still in a museum collection) is unknown today. It is possible it has not survived in storage, being made of iron and collected over 40 years ago. Grave A164 was oriented North-South and a limestone cist and the 14C (of the bones) gave a date in the Viking Age (Table S15). This is not conclusive evidence of the date of the knife in A136 but it does lend support to a date in the Viking Age. Typology and parallels: There is a lack of a comprehensive and detailed study on Iron Age knife typology in Sweden. The use of a typology seriation in dating an individual knife is therefore problematic on many levels. Regional variation as well as chronological variation are poorly understood today. Knives are also in a sense a highly functional item and may as such be variable within the same time period. If the intended use of the knife was primarily a single 14 specific purpose there are likely many variations due to customization. That said, there is one case study that is of relevance to the knife in this specific burial. Helgц and Birka are located in Mдlardalen, central Sweden, and knives have been found in the excavations of both graves and settlements there. These sites are of relevance also from a regional perspective as the individual in the grave (id 1076) might well have originated from the Mдlardalen region (c. The knives found in Helgц and Birka (in Mдlardalen, central Sweden) respectively have been compared (113). Another distinguishing feature was that the knives from Helgц primarily had concave edges, a quality usually associated with heavy use and repeated re-sharpening. The most frequent knife shape in Birka, found in 50% of knives, was both a straight ridge and a straight edge (113). The straight ridge and edge are features that show that a dating to the Viking Age is possible, but it is at the same time not conclusive enough to determine the knife to be an exclusively Viking Age type. The burial needs to be dated by other means as well, such as grave form typology (which above was concluded as most likely indicating Viking Age), and a radiocarbon analysis could be the only conclusive solution.
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We have records of all relevant inborn errors of metabolism detected in New South Wales over the last 20 years muscle relaxant xanax buy generic mefenamic 500mg on line. Randomized controlled trials for the most part will not be possible because of the rarity of individual conditions. Our team includes a board-certified biochemical geneticist, a nutritionist, and a genetics counselor. The state laboratory reports all abnormal test results to us and the physician of record. For all disorders, follow-up testing includes urinary organic acids and repeat acylcarnitines, which usually takes 12 weeks. During this time, the physician is asked to watch for signs of metabolic crisis and instructed how to treat a patient having *Source: Wiley V, Carpenter K, Wilcken B. The genetic counselor identifies or creates resource materials for the physician and family and is available to the family during this time. If an abnormal test result is confirmed by follow-up testing, the child is examined and the parents provided nutrition consultation and genetic counseling. Our patient treatment for confirmed short- and medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase disorders includes four components, · avoidance of fasting; administration of carnitine at 50 mg/kg/day, divided, 3 times/day; consumption of a moderately low-fat diet. An emergency protocol is written for each child and given to parents for delivery to emergency department personnel, if needed. To receive an electronic copy on Friday of each week, send an e-mail message to listserv@listserv. The reporting week concludes at close of business on Friday; compiled data on a national basis are officially released to the public on the following Friday. Conference Theory in Our ability to cope Advancing 21st with and forecast the Report Century Biology: changes associated C a t a l y z i n g with global warming p. MentorNet to Offer means by which We need to organisms acquire improve our underMentoring the energy and standing of the nonmaterial compolinear relationships Program James P. Physiologists capabilities requires identifying the have a unique set of perspectives and fundamental rules governing emergent Podcast integrative skills for answering a range properties of organisms, determining of fundamental questions in biology. Collins Assistant Director for Biological Sciences National Science Foundation 241 the Physiologist Contents 21st Century Physiology: Organisms as Integrated Systems James P. Zucker President-Elect Martin Frank Editor and Executive Director Councillors Susan M. Subscribers to the Physiologist also receive abstracts of the Conferences of the American Physiological Society. The American Physiological Society assumes no responsibility for the statements and opinions advanced by contributors to the Physiologist. Physiology had been part of the curriculum at the University of Michigan Medical School from its beginning in 1850. However, physiology as a research discipline at the University dates back 125 years to when Sewall was hired. Williams, Chair, Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, and colleagues in the department organized a celebratory event on September 27-28 to mark the occasion. In attendance were 23 PhD graduates, including 16 who traveled to Ann Arbor from out of town and seven who are current postdocs or faculty. Seven former faculty (Dave Dawson, Matt Kluger, Anita Payne, Jim Ranck, Jim Sherman, Harvey Sparks, and Arthur Vander) returned to recognize the contributions of the Department to the University of Michigan. In 1922, the Department graduated its first PhD in Physiology and, to date, has awarded 233 PhDs in Physiology. Many of these graduates, as well as the medical students who worked in the department, have gone on to be leaders in American medical science. Michigan Physiologists also played an important role in the founding of the American Physiological Society and have played a leadership role in the Society throughout its history. Presently, the Depart-ment has over 50 faculty and about 60 graduate students and postdoctoral fellows. Bohr, Professor Emeritus of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, received the Physiology Lifetime Service Award. On Friday, September 28, John Williams presents the Lifetime Service Award to David Bohr. This was followed by alumni leading roundtable discussions on Careers in Academic Research, Careers in Teaching, and Careers in the pharmaceutical industry. The festivities concluded with a pubnight including a band made up in part by alumni and a faculty bagpiper. He noted that the following individuals have led the Department over its 125 year existence: 18821889: Henry Sewall; 18891892: William Howell; 18921923: Warren Lombard; 19231954: Robert Gesell; 19561978: Horace Davenport; 19791986: Jack Kostyo; 1987present: John Williams. As noted in the proclamation, the University of Michigan has played an important role in the history of the American Physiological Society. A Joint Program Committee composed of six regular members of the Society appointed by Council and elected representatives of the sections and groups shall be responsible for scientific programs of the Society. The term of each member shall be for three years; a member may not serve more than two consecutive terms. The Council shall designate the Chairperson of the Committee, who shall be an ex officio member of the Council, without vote. The President Elect and Executive Director shall be ex officio members, without vote. This interim initiative was designed to provide our members with the ability to continue the training of future independent physiologists. The goal was to support postdoctoral fellowship candidates who were scheduled to work in the laboratories of members of the American Physiological Society. The Council committed funds to support up to 10 postdoctoral fellowships as part of this short-term initiative. Carroll, Ball State University: "Analgesics, Exercise & Tendon Adaptations in the Elderly;" Sonnet Jonker, University of Iowa: "Regulation of Fetal Cardiac Growth After Correction of Increased Hemodynamic Load;" Jonathan Wingo, Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas: "Spinal Cord Injury and Heat Acclimation. Physiologists offer an important perspective on organismal function and performance because they apply knowledge about the physical sciences to biological systems while also using the life sciences to advance our comprehension of physical systems. They offer skills for revealing physical properties in biological contexts such as pressure, force, temperature, ion fluxes, oxygen fluxes, and enzyme kinetics. Conversely, recent research has shown, for example, that increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide is expected to alter plant physiology in ways that lead to increased continental runoff due to atmospheric changes. A growing body of literature about mechanisms of response to environmental change, such as enantiostasis, is extending this fundamental concept. Increasingly well-resolved molecular phylogenies and the development of modern comparative evolutionary methods have been important factors in the progress of evolutionary physiology. Insights will come from the collective contributions of teams of investigators as well as those of individual researchers. In the process, the boundaries of what "counts as biology" will broaden to embrace even more of the theories and concepts of physics, chemistry, engineering, geological sciences, and the social and behavioral sciences. Ecological and evolutionary concepts, so central to the maturation and practice of modern comparative studies in physiology, have resulted in a community trained to consider the environment as a larger framework essential to understanding the function of organisms-and understanding why organisms function as they do. The ability of physiologists to apply methods and principles from other disciplines, particularly the physical sciences and engineering, and to conduct integrative studies crossing multiple levels of biological organization, demonstrates a great breadth of scientific perspective and expertise. Physiologists have a central role to play in understanding complex biological systems. Finding answers to 21st century questions in biology will require the critical cross-disciplinary perspectives and skills characteristic of integrative and comparative biology. The change emphasizes increasing support for studies that apply systems biology approaches to gain new conceptual and theoretical insights about organismal properties. Comparative and evolutionary physiologists, for example, can play a significant role in this context through their expertise in addressing the evolution of physiological systems. Scientific teams will be able to conduct collaborative, comprehensive, and interdisciplinary measurements and experiments on ecological systems. Central to realizing that mission is the basic research in physiology needed for understanding the organisms that are "endlessly fascinating. The conference took place over four days at the Hyatt Regency Austin on Town Lake hotel, which was ideally situated close to the heart of downtown Austin and the idyllic views of the Town Lake, which offered a spectacular vantage point for viewing the famous Congress Avenue bats. The Organizing Committee organized a program that included symposia, oral presentations for students and postdoctoral fellows, interactive poster sessions, and social networking opportunities to make this meeting a valuable experience for those who attended. The conference was attended by 103 total registrants, of whom 29% of registrants were represented by young scientists, including nine postdoctoral and 21 students. This conference also attracted a large group of registrants from outside the United States. Out of the 103 registrants, 20 (20%) represented registrants from Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Iran, Italy, Japan, Nigeria, Switzerland, and Taiwan. The audience was encouraged to share their ideas and thoughts with the speakers at the end of their talks. There were two oral presentation sessions that were dedicated to the postdoctoral fellows and students attending the meeting, giving them a valuable opportunity to present their work their peers. The meeting also had several social activities including a Welcome and the Physiologist Vol. There was also two afternoon poster sessions where scientists presented their work, and discussed their finding with other attendees. Fifty-eight of these Number of Attendees (%) 29 (28%) 15 (15%) 9 (9%) 21 (20%) 29 (28%) 103 (100%) Recipients of the Research Recognition Award for Outstanding Abstract by a Graduate or Postdoctoral Fellow at the Banquet and Awards Ceremony. L-R (Top): Abdolvahab Vahabzadeh, Maria Davila, Majid Nikpay, Jeffrey Gilbert, Maggie Keck, Rie Sasaki, Julio SartoriValinotti, Karl Pendergrass. L-R (Bottom): Birgitte Mahler, Connie Mark, Norma Ojeda, Babette LaMarca, and Sebastian Brokat. Of the volunteered abstracts submitted for the meeting, 38 (66%) were submitted by a female first author; 16 (28%) were submitted from institutions outside of the United States, including eight from Europe, four from Canada, two from Japan, one from Taiwan, and one from Iran. On Saturday evening, Reckelhoff hosted the Banquet and Awards Presentation dinner. The following individuals were Health Science Center at San Antonio, College of Medicine, David Pollock, presented with a certificate and cash Abdolvahab Vahabzadeh, Iran Univ. In total, the volunteer efforts reached approximately 3,150 students at all grade levels. As part of PhUn Week, physiologists visited the classrooms of local teachers to do hands-on physiology activities with the students. The program gives students a chance to meet and learn from research scientists, learn about physiology in their daily lives, and explore physiology as a possible career. It also builds local partnerships between science teachers and scientists to provide new materials for teachers and give researchers a chance to reach out to the next generation of scientists. Downloadable instructional resources and career presentations were obtained from the PhUn Week website: Classroom visits across the nation continued throughout the rest of the week and month. Deadlines: January 11, 2008: Deadline for completion of application; March 1, 2008: Notification of Finalists; April 6, 2008: Poster judging of Finalists. Abstract Qualities: Successful abstracts typically include: a clearly stated hypothesis or aim; a the Physiologist Vol. Bruce Awards for Excellence in Undergraduate Research technical approach to the study; the pertinent results obtained with quantitative and statistical comparisons, when appropriate; and a clearly stated conclusion, including the significance of the results to the field. All undergraduate first authors will receive a special invitation to present their research at this session. Holowatz, Eric Berglund Speakers: Ryan Wheeler, Academic Cover letters & the Art of Self-Presentation James A. McKarns, Delivering a Dynamic Job Talk Lynn Wecker, the Art of Interviewing: Winning the Job Kim E. Guyton Distinguished Professor, Professor of Physiology and Medicine, and Dean of the School of Graduate Studies in the Health Sciences at the University of Mississippi Medical Center, has been selected as the fifth recipient of the Bodil M. The Committee was extremely impressed with both his mentoring excellence and his outstanding contributions to physiological research. He did his postdoctoral training at the Mayo Clinic and Foundation before being hired as an Instructor and then Assistant Professor in the Department of Physiology and Biophysics. In 1990 he moved to his current institution, University of Mississippi School of Medicine, where he was named Professor of Physiology and Biophysics. In 1996, he became the Associate Director of the Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research. Guyton Distinguished Professor in the Department of Physiology and Biophysics in 2004. In 2006, he was named Interim Dean of the School of Graduate Studies in the Health Sciences and was appointed Dean in 2007. He studies the physiological mechanisms whereby endothelial-derived factors alter renal function and lead to long-term alteration in the regulation of arterial pressure and hypertension, specifically pregnancy-induced hypertension. As a recent dean of Graduate Studies, Granger improved graduate education by providing better stipend and health insurance support for all graduate students at his institution. All of the people writing the supporting recommendation letters (high school teachers, medical, graduate, and undergraduate students, postdoctoral fellows, junior faculty and colleagues) spoke extremely highly of Granger. They all emphasized his hands-on science and personal mentoring and doing what is needed for each person in his lab to be successful at each stage of their career, be it first-author publications, coauthoring a prestigious review article, a chance to present and meet people at meetings, assistance on writing grants, or the opportunity for collaboration or learning a new technique. In addition, they all passionately attested to his warmth and caring about the person, their quality of life, their problems, their family, and his continual efforts to make sure he supports them in all aspects of their life. Granger Electrolyte Homeostasis Section), but also the American Heart Association, the American Society of Hypertension, and the International Society of Hypertension, among others. His mentees have gone on to successful and prominent positions (one departmental chair, one associate professor, and four assistant professors, among others) with national funding and numerous awards among themselves. It is noteworthy that Granger extends his mentoring far beyond his laboratory: he started a mentoring group for junior faculty in his department to help them obtain funding. To foster early interest in scientific research, Granger established a summer research internship program for under- 252 T H E A M E R I C A N P H Y S I O L O G I C A L S O C I E T Y J O U R N A L S Track the Topics, Authors, and Articles important to you with. If you are not a subscriber but you are interested in subscribing to this free service (or changing your current subscription), then all you need to do is provide us with your e-mail address. If you want to see the full text of articles, you or your library will need a an online subscription to that particular journal. The Award will honor someone who is judged to have made outstanding contributions to the physiology community and demonstrated dedication and commitment to furthering the broader goals of the physiology community. This can be by serving on professional committees, participating in K-12 education outreach, participating in scientific advocacy and outreach programs, or by otherwise strengthening and promoting the physiology community. Two additional support letters written by individuals who are familiar with the substantive contributions of the applicant to professional service; 3. Graduate student and Postdoctoral applicants must provide confirmation from their research advisor or department chair that travel funds to the meeting will be available; 5. The American Physiological Society is now a proud partner with MentorNet, the Mentoring Network for Diversity in Physiology, an award-winning One-onOne mentoring program. MentorNet currently has many proteges seeking faculty mentors in physiology, neuroscience, the biological sciences, and biological/biomedical engineering. Please consider volunteering as a mentor and publicizing the program to your colleagues by passing on this message. Even if you choose not to be a mentor, spreading the word about MentorNet to other faculty members can help us to provide mentors for those proteges waiting to be matched! Benefits of E-Mentoring with MentorNet: Convenience: Do it at times that suit your schedule. Outreach: Opportunities to connect with students, postdocs, and early career faculty outside of your university. Satisfaction: Know that you have helped someone else by sharing your experiences, advice and support on issues such as work/life balance, research, tenure, and university life. Furthermore, mentoring has been demonstrated to help mentors gain perspective and clarity about their own career paths. Trainees (Graduate Students, Postdoctoral Fellows, New Investigators): Here is an opportunity for you to get additional information, encouragement, advice, and access to networks from someone in your field and, if you choose, from outside your current institution. You can search for and choose the mentor that best suits your needs and have a chance to discuss topics such as career options, networking, work/life balance, research issues, grant writing and tenure. Because mentors and students communicate entirely by email, they can communicate wherever and whenever they choose. These fellowships are to support fulltime undergraduate students to work in the laboratory of an established investigator. The intent of this program is to excite and encourage students to pursue a career as a basic research scientist. Selection of participants is based on academic merit and the availability of appropriate faculty mentors. Special consideration is given to applicants whose socioeconomic background, access to educational opportunities, and other life experiences suggest that they would especially benefit from this type of program. The outreach to science fairs will engage members in participating in their local and regional fairs. The annual event brought together more than 40 scientists from diverse disciplines including physics, ecology, mathematics, chemistry, microbiology and physiology. Participating scientists were grouped by state and went on a series of meetings with a society government affairs representatives. Participants also attended an orientation session the evening before the meetings to introduce themselves to their colleagues and familiarize themselves with the talking points for the meetings. Today graduates and postdoctoral fellows are presented with a range of career options: academic research scientists, scientists in industry, science teachers, science writers, science legal consultants, and science policy professionals.
